english-doctor

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  PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION 2.1 Introduction: To enable the speaker in public speaking, to achieve the intended purpose in the speech delivery, the speaker must understand the elements of effective communication and observe the following principles of communication. Without observing these principles, it will be very difficult to achieve the objectives of the public speaking. In this chapter, we shall examine the principles of effective communication which include the elements of effective communication. 2.2 The Elements of Effective Communication: For us to be able to achieve our intended objectives in every communication, including public speaking, we must observe the following factors that are essential in communication process. These include the following: a. The Source: Source denotes the originator of the message that is to be conveyed to the listener. It is the source that encodes the message in the form that the receiver will receive it. The source denotes the writer or s...

    UNIT 3             PHRASES AND CLAUSES 3.1         PHRASES Meaning: Phrases are collection or group of words. These group of words cannot stand alone as sentences. Classification of Phrases Phrases can be classified as follows:- 1.        Noun phrase : This refers to a word or group of words headed by a noun which can function as subject, object or complement of a sentence. 2.        Verb phrase :- This is a collection of words which function as verb in the sentence. 3.        Adverbial phrase :- This supplies circumstantial details about the action in a sentence, hence it functions as an adjunct. 4.        Prepositional phrase :- This either qualifies the headword in a noun phrase or serves as an adjunct. Noun phrase Noun phrase is a group of words headed by a noun ...